Among the most common construction methods in the country, we can mention concrete frame and metal frame structures. Each of these methods has its own merits and advantages. Metal skeleton is used more because of its high execution speed. If you also want to build your building with a metal frame, it is better to familiarize yourself with its steps. In the construction of each structure, certain steps must be followed and certain principles and rules must be fully observed. In the construction of metal framework, there are specific steps that any structure that is going to be built in this way must go through these steps step by step.
Project planning, control and management
Each project has several implementation stages, each of which can have special challenges. Before starting the project implementation, the project manager identifies the upcoming challenges and plans to achieve the goals within a certain period of time. The monitoring of each project in all its stages is the responsibility of the project manager.
The project control unit prepares the daily, weekly and monthly report of each project in written form. If the project is delayed, its causes will be investigated. Then, the causes of the delay and its compensation solutions are communicated to the project management in order to make a decision.
Surveying
The compliance of accuracy and quality in construction with project conditions is checked by surveying. First, the dimensions of the project land and the separation joint are taken. Then, the location of the bolts connecting the foundation to the column plate is controlled before concreting. After the completion of concreting, the bolts are accurately mapped and possible effective modifications in the structure are communicated to the modeling team, and the drawing shop model is completed then corrected based on the last communicated surveying.
In the final stage, the verticality of the sections and the exact axis of the columns during installation are determined by surveying. This increases the accuracy of construction and installation of the structure, which shows the importance of surveying in the project.
Supply of consumables, ironware and bolts
The quality of material used in steel structures plays an important role in the accuracy of construction and installation of the structure. The use of high-quality steel raw materials at a reasonable price requires the experience of obtaining up-to-date information from the iron and steel market. On the other hand, the quality control team carefully examines the raw materials and manufactured products of the factory, and the products are delivered to the warehouse after approval.
Inventory Management
Raw materials entering the factory and parts ready to be delivered to the project are recorded by the inventory unit. Preparation of detailed input list and packing list related to factory output products is one of the services of warehousing unit.
Cutting
The raw materials entering the factory first enter the cutting section. Initial cuts are made based on single part drawings. Cutting machines cut the parts in two hot and cold ways. It should be noted that the type of cutting (hot or cold) is determined according to the regulations that depend on the thickness of the steel sheet. In hot cutting, steel sheet or profile is cut with the help of melting process. If the regulations permit cold cutting for a sheet, devices such as cutting scissors, punches, circular saws and belts can be used.
The stages of cutting, strapping and drilling
Complicated and uncomplicated parts are produced with the help of hot and cold cutting machines. Then the production belts and other parts are assembled next to each other and are ready for welding according to the location of the welding straps in the part.
Some parts are cut and drilled according to the mapping and templates sent from the project. This is necessary for accurate and quality installation of structural elements.
Dimensional Control
The dimensions of the parts are checked before assembly. In case of defects or inconsistency of the parts with their execution plans, they are corrected. In the next step, they are sent to the assembly and welding department.
Assembling the columns in the Rooyesh metal industry factory
The columns produced in the factory include three types of H-shaped, Box and HSS. HSS parts enter the factory in the form of ready-made single-seam boxes. Therefore, there is no operation for their construction, which increases the construction speed in the column section. Box-shaped columns are first made in U-shape. Then the restraining rods are placed in it as a support for the column flange and the pillar. If a stiffening plate is needed inside the column, at this stage, the stiffening plate is welded in the column, and in the last step, the second life of the column is connected to the U-shaped piece by welding. The belts related to the H-shaped elements are also placed next to each other by the H-shaped machine with spot welding.
Assembling plate girder in Rooyesh metal industry factory
The girders are also assembled in the H-shaped machine after strapping, just like the H-shaped columns. It should be noted that the H or I-shaped sections available in the hardware market have limited dimensions. Therefore, if the desired dimensions of the project are not available in the market, that element is made in the factory.
Welding in Rooyesh metal industry factory
The parts assembled in the factory are sent to the welding place. Single gate submersible welding machines and gas shielded welding are used by skilled welders for the final welding of structural elements.
Welding machine with gas shield
In some elements where there is a need for finesse for welding or the welding nozzle must be placed inside the section, it is suggested to use gas shielded welding. The gas used in this device, including argon or CO2 gas, prevents the weld from reacting with the surrounding air.
Bailing
Production parts need to be painted according to regulations and structural drawings before being sent to the project site. In order to paint without any defects, the parts are bailed first. Bailing includes removing rust, corrosion and other contamination by wire brush, sandblasting or pressure shot blasting. After the completion of the cleaning stage, the elements quickly go to the painting stage.
Painting
The 10th topic of the National Building Regulations considers painting for steel elements as essential, except in cases where the supervisor or regulations do not allow painting, and one of these cases is a part of the steel elements that is placed in concrete. In the aforementioned regulations, the thickness of the paint and the type of paint used for steel elements are determined according to the environmental conditions. Some types of paint commonly used in painting metal parts include zinc chromate, zinc rich, alkyd and epoxy.
Straightening plate girder sections with the H straightener machine
Continuous welding on both sides of the connection to the flange of the I or H-shaped section causes thermal stress and there is a possibility of deformation in the element. The smoothing machine H corrects existing deformations with the help of cold rolling and rolling.
Finishing
At this stage, parts such as connections, gusset struts, handles connected to the column, splices, etc., which must be connected to the elements before sending the load to the workshop, are fixed by corner or penetration welding.
Loading and transporting to the workshop
The parts are ready to be delivered to the workshop after being painted and getting the final quality control approval. In order to speed up the implementation of the structure, the parts are prioritized and directed to the loading area. The prioritization of parts is based on the implementation conditions of the project, the path of the vehicle carrying the parts, the length of the part and the absence of traffic load.
Conclusion
In this article, we talked about the stages of construction and installation of the metal frame from the factory to the workshop. Many buildings in Iran are built using the metal frame method. This method has many advantages that have brought many people to use it. It can be useful for you to know the steps of making and installing a metal frame. The noteworthy point is that there are certain subtleties in each step, which makes these tasks to be done only by experts. Rooyesh Group is considered a leading company in the field of construction by employing expert people and advanced tools.
